The Adoption Process

Many couples who are considering adopting are not sure where to start. The following is a simple outline of the steps in the adoption process.

Research - The whole adoption process can be confusing and overwhelming unless you are well-informed. There are a number of informational resources available including adoption agencies, social services, and non-profit organizations. The state can put you in contact with adoption specialists, lawyers, and adoptive parent groups for further assistance.

What's the Law - Different states have different regulations regarding adoption. Knowing the law will allow you to adopt faster and avoid frustration and set backs. You can consult with an attorney that specializes in adoption and family law or a government agency such as child welfare services; they will verse you in your state adoption laws and regulations.

Explore Your Options - With so many different forms of adoption, you have a number of options to choose from; would you rather adopt domestically or internationally? An infant, toddler, or older child? What about adopting through social services, the foster care system, or a private adoption agency? Discuss with your partner which alternative works the best for you. You should take note of any and all factors associated with each type of adoption, including the characteristics of a child of a given age, the waiting period for international adoptions, or financial concerns.

Select an Agency - Depending on which type of adoption you choose, you must select an agency that specialize in that type of adoption. You can choose a private agency, a government organization (if you are adopting through the foster care system or social services), or an adoption attorney who will work directly with you and the birth mother. Financial constraints may limit your available options; private agencies and attorneys tend to be more expensive than working with a government or non-profit organization. You can request free literature and informational packets from agencies to familiarize yourself with their services. The internet is also a great way to research prospective agencies; most will have a website you can reference. Once you have selected, you will most likely have to go through a number of orientations, fill out an application, and pay necessary registration and legal fees.

Home Study - No matter what kind of adoption you choose, you will be required to complete a home study. This entails a social worker visiting your home to asses the environment in which the adoption child will live. The home study may last several months and involve a number of visits, all depending on the adoption waiting period, the agency you are working with, and your state regulations.

The Placement Process - The length of the adoption process and estimated waiting period depends on the type of adoption you chose (international or domestic adoption). Most agencies will allow pre-placement visits, which means you will be able to visit with the child before they are officially placed with you.

Finalize - An adoption is not finalized until done so legally in court. Typically a child will live with you for an extended amount of time (like 6 months) before the adoption is finalized. During this time, a social worker may visit several times and your attorney or agency will submit a written recommendation. International adoptions have a series of legal regulations much different than a domestic adoption, so make sure you know what the process requires.